银行系统招聘考试（阅读理解）模拟试卷7
阅读理解
You know how when your dog wants something, she makes that face. You know the one — all beseeching, with eyes that seem to positively quiver with longing? You\’d give her anything, right?
It turns out that our response to canine looks of longing or love may be the very reason dogs can make them. New research has found that the facial muscles involved in making these expressions can only be found in dogs, not wolves suggesting our furry best friends evolved the ability specifically to communicate with humans.
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1.What does the underlined word mean in the first paragraph?(B)
A. Anxious.
B. Desirous.
C. Encouraging.
D. Appealing.
解析：含义题。题干：第一段画线单词是什么意思?根据题干定位到文章第一段，画线单词为“beseeching”。画线单词后面的内容“with eyes that seem to positively quiver with longing(眼睛因渴望而不断颤抖)”是对“beseeching”的补充说明，而且前一句中也提到了“when your dog wants something(当你的狗想要什么东西的时候)”，因此可以推断出画线单词有“渴望”的含义。A项“焦虑的，担忧的”；B项“渴望的，想要的”；C项“令人鼓舞的，奖励的”；D项“吸引人的，动人的”。故本题选B。
2.Why can dogs make these childlike expressions?(B)
A. Because they are born to make expressive eyebrows.
B. Human preferences affect their genetic selection during evolution.
C. Dogs need to make these expressions to better communicate with each other.
D. Because dogs have experienced domestication process.
解析：细节题。题干：为什么狗会做出这些孩子似的表情? A项“因为它们天生就有富有表现力的眉毛”。根据关键词“expressive eyebrows”定位到文章第三段中的“The findings suggest that expressive eyebrows in dogs may be a result of human unconscious preferences that influenced selection during domestication.(研究结果表明，狗的眉毛表情丰富可能是人类在驯化过程中无意识偏好影响选择的结果)”，由此可知富有表现力的眉毛并不是这个物种天生的，而是逐渐进化的。A项错误，B项“人类的偏好在狗的进化过程中影响着它们的基因选择”符合文章表述，是正确的。C项“狗需要用这些表情来更好地彼此交流”。根据关键词“better communicate”定位到文章第二段中的“…suggesting our furry best friends evolved the ability specifically to communicate with humans…(这表明我们毛茸茸的好朋友进化出了专门与人类交流的能力)”。狗使用面部表情是为了与人更好地交流而不是与同类交流，C项错误。D项“因为狗已经经历了驯化的过程”。根据文章第三段可知使狗产生这种变化的直接原因是人的偏好影响了基因选择，而经历驯化是间接原因，D项错误。故本题选B。
3.Which statement is not true about Kaminski and her team’s work?(B)
A. Dogs can also imitate human facial changes when they are sad.
B. Researchers conducted three comparison experiments between dogs and wolves.
C. Kaminski and her team discovered that there was no muscle in the wolves that makes such eyebrow movement.
D. Dogs’ facial expression movement seems to be a considerable change that occurred only in just a few ten thousand years.
解析：细节题。题干：关于卡明斯基和她的团队的工作，哪项陈述是不正确的?A项“狗也能模仿人类悲伤时的面部表情”。根据关键词“sad”，定位到文章最后一段中的“It could also mimic the facial movement humans make when they’re sad.(它还可以模仿人类悲伤时的面部动作)”。mimic“模仿”，是imitate的同义词，故A项正确。B项“研究人员在狗和狼之间进行了三个对比实验”。根据关键词“comparison experiments”定位到第六段中的“…and performed a comparative analysis of the facial anatomy of both species.(并对两种动物的面部解剖结构进行了比较分析)”。文章并没有提到进行了三次实验，故B项错误。C项“卡明斯基和她的团队发现，狼没有肌肉可以做出这样的眉毛运动”。根据文章最后一段中的“The raised inner eyebrow movement in dogs is driven by a muscle which doesn’t consistently exist in their closest living relative the wolf(狗的内眉运动是由一种肌肉驱动的，而这种肌肉并不总是存在于它们的近亲狼身上)”，结合第二段中的“the facial muscles involved in making these expressions can only be found in dogs，not wolves(与这些表情有关的面部肌肉只能在狗身上找到，而不能在狼身上找到)”，可知C项正确。D项“狗的面部表情运动似乎是一个巨大的变化，这发生在短短几万年间”。根据关键词“ten thousand years”定位到文章最后一段中的“Muscular anatomy typically evolves very slowly，so this seems to be a pretty huge change to have taken plac
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