考研英语一（完形填空）模拟试卷371
完型填空
Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories【C1】________on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior【C2】________they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through【C3】________with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in【C4】________to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status,【C5】________ as a rejection of middle-class values.
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families,【C6】________the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes【C7】________ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are【C8】________ to criticism.
Changes in the social structure may indirectly【C9】________juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that【C10】________to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment【C11】________make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in【C12】________lead more youths into criminal behavior.
Families have also【C13】________changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents;【C14】________, children are likely to have less supervision at home【C15】________was common in the traditional family【C16】________. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other【C17】________causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased【C18】________of drugs and alcohol, and the growing【C19】________of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act,【C20】________a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.
1.【C1】(C)
A. acting
B. relying
C. centering
D. commenting
解析：第一段第一句话提到关于青少年犯罪原因的理论把焦点集中在个人或社会上，下文则围绕这两点分别展开叙述。空格所在句讲的正是第一个聚焦点（focus on the individual），结合下一句的Theories focusing on the role of society，可推断此处空格应填上focus on的同义词，故选择C项centering（on）“集中”。
2.【C2】(D)
A. before
B. unless
C. until
D. because
解析：空格处应填入关联词，表明前后句子之间的逻辑关系。空格前的句子提到“孩子违法犯罪”，空格后则指出“他们以前的恶劣行为没有受到应有的惩罚”，根据语义可确定后者应是导致“孩子违法犯罪”的原因。D项because“因为”符合文意。
3.【C3】(A)
A. interaction
B. assimilation
C. cooperation
D. consultation
解析：空格处的短语 through with others 作方式状语，说明青少年走向犯罪的途径是什么，此外，空格处填入的名词需能与介词with搭配使用。根据have learned criminal behavior中的learned\\
4.【C4】(D)
A. return
B. reply
C. reference
D. response
解析：上一句介绍了第一种有关青少年犯罪原因的理论，并以because引出青少年沾染上犯罪习气的原因。本句介绍了第二种理论，其句式 The
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