专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷85
阅读理解
Many mammals live through the winter by hibernating (冬眠). There is a nice problem of definition here. Most experts now agree that a mammal can be said to hibernate only if body temperature drops greatly and its whole metabolism —including respiration and heart rate—is much reduced. This is the case with animals like the woodchucks, hamsters, and hedgehogs, which hibernate in their burrows , and bats, which gather in caves. Bears, however, are not classed as hibernators. They pass most of the winter sleeping, but their body temperature drops only a few degrees, and they can become active without going through a slow process of warming up. Bears, relying on fat reserves to keep them going, even produce their young during this period.
Mammals are warm-blooded, that is, they have a means of keeping the temperature of their bodies quite constant despite the normal temperature changes of the outside world. Cold-blooded animals, fish, reptiles, insects, amphibians, also have a certain amount of control over their body temperature. They can warm up, if they are too cold, by sunning themselves, or cool off by getting into the shade. But it is hard for cold-blooded animals to keep warm in the winter. For any animal to be active, its body temperature must be above freezing. This is because the chemistry of life depends on water in a liquid state. If the body actually freezes, the whole system is disrupted and the animal dies. So cold-blooded animals in the north must either find some place to spend the winter where temperatures do not reach the freezing points, or develop a special resting stage in which the water content of the protoplasm (原生质) is much reduced. This will make its freezing point much lower than usual. Thus animals about to hibernate often dig down into the soil.
1.Most experts agree that true hibernation involves________.(B)
A. sleeping through the winter
B. reduced heart rate and temperature
C. decrease in water content of the body
D. spending the winter in burrows or caves
解析：文章第一段中“Most experts now agree that a mammal can be said to hibernate only if body temperature drops greatly and its whole metabolism—including respiration and heart rate—is much reduced．”其中涉及“body temperature drops greatly”和“metabolism”与选项中的“reduced heart rate and temperature”相对应，因此B为正确答案。
2.Bears can pass most of the winter sleeping because they________.(C)
A. are hibernators
B. have a low body temperature
C. have a sufficient reserve of fat
D. have a slow process of warming up
解析：“Bears，relying on fat reserves to keep them going，even produce their young during this period．”由此可知C项是符合的，故选C。
3.Cold-blooded animals are so called because they________.(A)
A. can not keep their body temperature constant
B. can not warm up their body temperature in the winter
C. can cool themselves off by getting into a shade
D. are not active in the winter
解析：文章没有具体给出“cold—blooded animal”的定义，但给出了“warm—blooded animal”的定义：Mammals are warm—blooded，that is，they have a means of keeping the temperature of their bodies quite constant despite the normal temperature changes of the outside world.故可判断出“cold—blooded animal”的定义应与之相反。另外给出的“cold—blooded animal”的例子也可知其义，故正确答案为A。
4.It is implied that the body temperature of a cold-blooded animal________.(D)
A. i
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