考研英语二（阅读）模拟试卷233
阅读理解
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson recently launched a \\
1.According to Paragraph 1, Boris Johnson initiated a campaign to________.(D)
A. halt the production of junk food.
B. crack down on deceptive advertising.
C. ban marketing activities on snacks.
D. drive British people to fight against overweight.
解析：细节题。根据题干关键词Paragraph 1和Boris Johnson定位至第一段第一句，initiated是对原文launched的同义替换。其中第一句提到…campaign to combat obesity(……运动来对抗肥胖)，D项中的fight against overweight是对原文combat obesity的同义替换，British people是对Boris Johnson的修饰词British Prime Minister的合理推断。故本题选D。A项根据第一段第二句中junk food设置干扰，但原文未提及是否要停止生产垃圾食品，该项为无中生有；B项根据第一段第二句中advertising设置干扰，但原文意在指出“在晚上9点之前禁止播放垃圾食品的广告，以降低儿童接触此类广告的可能性”．与“欺诈性广告”无关，该项为无中生有；C项根据第一段第二句中barring “buy one get one free” promotions on unhealthy foods(禁止不健康食品的“买一送一”促销活动)设置干扰，但原文并未提及是否要禁止零食的所有营销活动。
2.The author’s attitude towards Johnson’s measures is________.(C)
A. cautious.
B. supportive.
C. critical.
D. skeptical.
解析：态度题。根据题干关键词Johnson’s measures定位至第二段第一句。由第一句中Critics of Johnson’s anti-obesity measures rightly charge that (批评约翰逊反肥胖措施的人给出的理由十分正当)可知，作者对批评约翰逊反肥胖措施的人持支持态度，第二句表达作者观点时又指出mishandling \\
3.The Georgia poster is mentioned to show________.(A)
A. misguided ads may bring harm to overweight people.
B. obesity has become a heavy burden to the society.
C. bullying on overweight children needs to be stopped.
D. it is necessary for obese people to change their habits.
解析：例证题。根据题干关键词Georgia poster定位至第三段第二句，该句以误导性的广告宣传为例，第三句指出这类广告的后果，即会强化“肥胖人群是社会和医疗负担”的观念，第四句指出如果网络广告、海报和广告牌将肥胖者及其饮食和锻炼习惯污名化可能会让超重儿童遭受更多的欺凌，故作者提及该海报是为了指出这种误导性广告可能会给肥胖人群带来伤害，A项是对第三、四句的概括总结。故本题选A。B项根据第三段第三句中obesity are social and medical burden(肥胖人群是社会和医疗负担)设置干扰，但文中指出该海报传达的观念是误导性的，故作者提及该海报并非为了表明“肥胖已成为社会的沉重负担”；C项根据第三段第四句中overweight children may be subjected to more bullying(超重儿童可能会遭受更多欺凌行为)设置干扰，但作者提及该海报是为了说明“误导性广告和运动可能会让超重儿童受到更多欺凌”，而非“对超重儿童的欺凌需要被阻止”；D项根据第三段第四句中people with obesity(肥胖者)和their alleged diet and exercise habits(其饮食和锻炼习惯)设置干扰，但文中意在指出“广告、海报等不应将肥胖者的习惯污名化”，而非“肥胖者有必要改变他们的习惯”。
4.Studies have indicated that biases against obesity can________.(B)
A. prompt obese people to develop good habits.
B. make overweight people’s situation worse.
C. bring comfort to those who are thin.
D. help emphasize the seriousness of obesity.
解析：细节题。根据题干关键词Studies have indicated定位至第四段第二句，由该句both children and adults subjected to weight-based bullying or discrimination are more likely to seek comfort in binge-eating, to develop eating disorders and to be discouraged from exercise due to anxieties about their bodies being on display (因体重而遭受欺凌和歧视的儿童和成人更有可能……因担心要暴露自己的身材而打消锻炼的念头)可知，对体重的偏见带来的欺凌和歧视会使得肥胖人群更倾向于暴饮暴食，患上饮食失调症，并且抗拒锻炼等，即对体重的偏见可能会让他们的情况变得更糟糕，B项是对第二句的概括总结。故本题选B。A项与第四段第二句中所体现的事实“因担心要暴露自己的身材而打消锻炼的念头”相反；C项根据第二句中的comfort设置干扰，但文中意在指出“因体重而遭受欺凌或歧视的儿童和成人可能在暴饮暴食中寻
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