自考英语（二）模拟试卷30
阅读判断
The First Settlement in North America
It is very difficult to say just when colonization (殖民) began. The first hundred years after Christopher Columbus\’ s journey of discovery in 1492 did not produce any settlement on the North America continent but rather some Spanish trading posts in South America, a great interest in gold and adventure, and some colorful crimes in which the English had their part. John Cabot, originally from Genoa but a citizen of Venice, was established as a trader in Bristol, England, when he made a journey in 1497. But his ship, the Matthew, with its crew of eighteen, did no more than see an island (probably off the New England coast) and return home. He and his son made further voyages across the north Atlantic which enabled the English crown to claim a \\
1.We know for sure that colonization began at the end of the 15th century.(B)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：根据原文第一段第一句话，殖民活动究竟是什么时候开始的很难讲清楚。
2.Among the early settlers in South America in the 16th century were Spanish traders.(A)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：根据原文第一段第二句话中的“some Spanish trading posts in South America”，可推知最早在南美有一些西班牙人的贸易据点。
3.With John Cabot’s arrival at an island off the New England coast in 1497, the British Crown claimed to be the legal owner of North America.(B)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：根据原文第一段第三句到第五句，John Cabot在1497年只是到达了新英格兰附近的一个岛上，而他和他儿子后来的航行才让英国皇室宣布对北美拥有合法权。
4.There were eighteen people on board the Matthew during its voyage to North America in 1497.(A)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：根据原文第一段第六行，船上共18人。
5.The first attempt made by European people to settle down permanently in North America occurred in the 1580s.(A)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：根据原文第二段，Sir Walter Raleigh陆续在1585年和1587年派遣人员来北美定居。尽管最后都离开了，但这是最早的永久定居的尝试，注意题干中的“attempt”一词。
6.The name Virginia was given to North America by Sir Walter Raleigh.(A)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：根据原文第二段第二句话Sir Walter Raleigh给北美取名为Virginia，并宣布整个北美属于英国。
7.The name New England was given to the southern area of North America by the boss of one of the two Virginia companies.(B)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：根据原文第三段第三句话，New England这个名字给了北方地区而不是南方地区。
8.Sir Walter Raleigh is a capitalist.(C)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：原文未提及此内容。
9.The first settlers in Virginia were all male.(A)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：根据原文最后一段第四行“All were men”可知。
10.The living conditions of the first settlers were bad.(A)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：根据原文最后一段倒数第二行，活下来的人都生活在悲惨的(miserable)状况下。
阅读选择
Rare Fossil Record
The preservation of embryos and juveniles is a rare occurrence in the fossil record. The tiny, delicate skeletons are usually scattered by scavengers (食腐动物)weathering before they can be fossilized. Ichthyosaurs (鱼龙) had a higher chance of being preserved than did terrestrial creatures because , as marine animals, they tended to live in environments less subject to erosion. Still, their fossilization required a suite of factors: a slow rate of decay of soft tissues, little scavenging by other animals, a lack of sw
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