2018年12月大学英语四级真题试卷（三）
作文
1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of studying abroad. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
The Challenges of Studying Abroad
With the development of society and economy, the number of overseas students continues to grow. This is good for both the country and the students in terms of promoting mutual understanding and reciprocal learning. Nevertheless, some difficult challenges come along with this trend.
The first problem overseas students would encounter is language barrier, which is obviously the major source of stress. They have to spend much energy mastering a foreign language. Even if they’ ve already learned it, it is still challenging to fully understand what foreigners talk about due to the unfamiliarity of cultural background and social conventions. Second, another problem faced by overseas students is security accident. In recent years, news about overseas students being murdered, robbed and kidnapped can often be seen on the Internet. In some developed countries, natives barely hide their prejudice against foreigners and some right-wing extremists or racists even bear grudge against Asian people. Last but not least, students have to undertake all the housework by themselves, while it is usually done by their parents when they are at home. They have to face the challenge of living independently.
As for me, I believe studying abroad is beneficial despite its hardships. Because in this way students can broaden their horizons and improve their ability to be independent.
解析： 这是一篇议论文写作。这次考的话题是出国留学带来的挑战。题目相对比较简单，十分具有开放性，考生可以结合实际情况或是自己的见解来进行论证。写作时可以采用例证法，言之有理即可。
作文可分为三段，结构如下。
第一段：开门见山，先简要描述一下如今的留学趋势，留学对于国家与个人的益处。接着，提出留学衍生的困难与挑战，为下文阐述的具体原因作好铺垫。
第二段：根据实际情况，具体说明留学生所要面临的挑战。
原因一：语言障碍是留学生最主要的压力来源，由于对当地文化背景和社会习俗不熟悉，他们很难完全理解外国人在说什么。
原因二：人身安全事故频发。本地人对留学生存在歧视与偏见，一些种族激进分子对亚裔人群心怀怨恨。
原因三：留学生要自己承担家务，学会独立生活，不再像在国内那样一心只读圣贤书。
第三段：总结全文，表明自己的观点。
词汇理解
Have you ever used email to apologize to a colleague? Delivered a【C1】______to a subordinate (下属) with a voice-mail message? Flown by plane across the country just to deliver important news in person? The various communication options at our fingertips today can be good for【C2】______and productivity—and at the same time very troublesome. With so many ways to communicate, how should a manager choose the one that\’ s best—【C3】______when the message to be delivered is bad or unwelcome news for the recipient? We\’ ve【C4】______business communication consultants and etiquette (礼仪) experts to come up with the following guidelines for【C5】______using the alternative ways of delivering difficult messages.
First of all, choose how personal you want to be. A face-to-face communication is the most【C6】______Other choices, in descending order of personalization, are: a real-time phone call, a voice-mail message, a handwritten note, a typewritten letter, and the most【C7】______is email. Some of these may change order according to the【C8】______situation or your own preferences: for example, a handwritten note might seem more personal than voice-mail. How do you decide on the best choice for the difficult message you\’ve got to deliver? \\
2.【C1】
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解析
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