2018年下半年笔译二级实务真题试卷
必做题
1. New drone footage gives a glimpse of the damage that parts of Hawaii’s Big Island sustained in the wake of volcanic explosions in recent days. Smoke can be seen billowing off the lava as it creeps down roads and through wooded areas toward homes. Fires are visible with terrifying streams of brightness breaking through the surrounding areas of black. After a day of relative calm, Kilauea roared back in full force on Sunday, spewing lava 3,00 feet in the air, encroaching on a half mile of new ground and bringing the total number of destroyed structures to 35. There have been 1,800 residents evacuated from their homes in the Leilani Estates and Lanipuna Gardens neighborhoods where cracks have been opening and spilling lava. In evacuated areas with relatively low sulfur dioxide levels, residents were allowed to return home for a few hours to collect belongings on Sunday and Monday. Officials said those residents—a little more than half of the evacuees—were allowed to return briefly, and Magno said they would continue to allow residents in if it could be done safely.
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近日，无人机新拍摄到的画面展现了夏威夷大岛（Hawaii’s Big Island）在火山喷发后的破坏景象：岩浆顺着道路缓慢流淌，穿过树林，朝着村舍进发，产生的烟雾翻滚升腾。熊熊烈火闪耀着光芒，照亮四周的黑色区域。经过一天的相对平静期，基拉韦厄火山（Kilauea）于周日再次全力爆发，喷射出的岩浆高达300英尺，半英里土地被侵蚀，总共摧毁了35栋房屋。在地裂和岩浆喷发地区，1800名居民撤离他们居住的社区。而在二氧化硫水平相对较低的地方，居民则被允许在周日和周一抽几个小时回家拿出自己所需的物品。政府官员表示，在确保安全的情况下，大部分被疏散的居民可以暂时回家，后期他们还会允许更多的居民回家。
在周六举行的新闻发布会上，一名政府官员表示：“一切都变得活跃起来。八座火山活动频繁，火山喷发后岩浆开始四处扩散，致使我们遭受额外损失。我不确定具体的数据，但我们认为损失还会持续增加。幸运的是，现在震级已经有所减弱，火山活动也平息下来了。”但政府官员警告称，虽然岩浆的流动慢了下来，但并不会持续很久。还会有更多火山爆发，已经爆发过的火山也有可能再次活跃起来。地表下有大量岩浆，这些岩浆最终都会喷发。周五，大岛发生了6.9级地震，致使沿岸地区附近遭遇山体滑坡，但房屋损坏较少。周日，美国地质调查局(USGS)表示，在6.9级地震爆发后的24小时内，该岛屿又发生了500多次余震，其中13次震级超过4.0级。然而，居民担心的仍然是岩浆和火山排放的气体。夏威夷县长表示：“火山岩肯定会摧毁居民住所，我们无法知晓确切的数字，但整体来说是灾难性的。我们没有办法预测这种情况。”
解析：
2. Just as in America, in Britain too, the story told by official statistics does not always match people’s experience. That is especially true in places like Newcastle, a former shipbuilding city, which lost out to competition from Asia in the 1970s and has seen living standards stagnate ever since. The U. S. economy, we are told, is booming. In the past two quarters, gross domestic product has risen by more than 3％, the stock market is soaring and unemployment is down to a 17-year low of 4.1％. Many people, though, don’t feel that upside. The perception gap is huge. Unemployment, more broadly measured, is higher than the headline number suggests because many people have simply given up looking for work or are working in part-time jobs when they want a full-time job. One of the prime faults of GDP is that it deals in averages and aggregates. Aggregates hide the nuances of inequality. And averages don’t tell us very much at all.
Barring a few recessions, the U. S. economy has been on a near relentless upward path since the 1950s. Yet according to a Pew Research Center report, the average hourly wage for nonmanagement private-sector work was $20.67 in 2014, a measly $1.49 higher than in 1964, adjusted for inflation.
Studies suggest that people care more about relative than absolute wealth. If that is true, then as a minority have become richer, the majority have grown more miserable. In a famous experiment carried out at Emory University, two capuchin monkeys were put side by side and given cucumbers as a reward for performing a task.
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