专业英语四级（语法与词汇）模拟试卷492
语言知识
1.Which of the following underlined parts does NOT indicate reason?(B)
A. Something fell in, for I heard a splash.
B. Much as I love sports, I prefer to stay at home on Sunday.
C. He saw her, as they were both getting on the bus.
D. Now that I’m here, I’d better stay.
解析：B项中包含much as这个短语，所以画线部分不表示原因而表示让步，整个句子句意为“虽然我喜爱运动，但是周末我还是宁愿待在家里。”因此答案为B项。在其他的句子中，画线部分都表示原因，故均排除。
2.John misses the early bus for oversleeping, ______ the delay.(D)
A. hence to cause
B. so to cause
C. so as caused
D. thus causing
解析：thus指代前面的一句话，与causing构成独立主格结构。不定式作结果状语往往表示说话人意想不到的结果或不好的结果，因此此处不应用不定式结构，故选D项。
3.Helen_______ with her class if she had been able to meet all of the course requirements in time.(B)
A. will graduate
B. would have graduated
C. would gradate
D. has gradated
解析：从句中用了过去完成时had been able to，根据句意可看出，这是对过去事实的虚拟，事实上，海伦当时没有完成课程要求，所以她当时就未能毕业。可见，“毕业”这一动作本应在过去已经完成的，故用“would+have graduated”，答案为B。
4.The radio trumpeted the presidential _______ across the country.(C)
A. champion
B. champagne
C. campaign
D. chamber
解析：电台向全国各地大力宣传总统竞选运动。A．champion“冠军” B．champagne“香槟酒”C．campaign“运动，竞选”D．chamber“会议厅，房间”
5.Please _______from smoking until the airplane is airborne.(C)
A. resist
B. prevent
C. refrain
D. restrain
解析：在飞机降落前请勿吸烟。A．resist表示“忍住，顶住”时，一般直接接名词或动名词，例如：He could hardly resist laughing．他实在忍不住要笑。B．prevent可用于prevent sb．from doing sth．结构，表示“阻止某人做某事”，例如：We were prevented by heavy smog from seeing anything．浓雾使我们看不到任何东西。C．refrain为不及物动词，一般与介词from搭配，表示“忍住不做……”，“抑制住不……”，着重表示“节制”。为正确选项。例如：He refrained from commenting．他忍住没有妄加评论。D．restrain也可表示“克制，抑制……不……”，但一般用于restrain sb．from doing sth．结构，例如：He had to be restrained from hitting the man．他得克制住自己不去打那个人。注：airborne意为“在飞行中，空降的”，该句意为在飞行过程中不能吸烟，这里用refrain from doing结构合适，选C。
6.He planned to steal the money, but his _______were discovered.(D)
A. arrangements
B. blueprints
C. layouts
D. schemes
解析：他打算去偷那笔钱，但他的诡计被揭穿了。A．arrangements“安排”指对某事物在顺序或关系上进行调整和安排。B．blueprints“计划，蓝图”，尤指计划得非常详细的最终方案。C．layouts指城市、花园、建筑等“布局，设计，安排”。D．schemes指系统的“计划”，或图私利的各种“阴谋诡计”(如本题)或不切实际的“幻想，打算”。
7.Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?(C)
A. I stayed in all night long waiting, but none came.
B. There is somebody at the door. Go and see who it is.
C. You may choose someone of these beautiful ladies.
D. Do you want anybody to help you finish it?
解析：考查复合不定代词的用法。someone，everyone，anyone，no one，somebody，anybody，nobody，everybody都是单数含义，作主语时谓语动词须用单数形式，而且后面不得接of，如果要接of，必须用隔开的形式some one，every one，any one，no one等，因此C不正确，可改为：Youmay choose some one of these beautiful ladies．
8.Engines are to machines ______ hearts are to animals.(D)
A. that
B. which
C. when
D. what
解析：考查方式状语从句。这是固定句型，用来指what前后两句话有着相类似的内在联系，即“A对B就如A1对B1”，因此选D。此句型中的what也可以用as。
9.Hearing we will ______candies, the children suddenly gather around us.(B)
A. assign
B. distribute
C. scatter
D. allocate
解析：一听我们要发糖果，孩子们哗啦一下都围了上来。A．assign指按照某种原则进行的硬性分配，一般指给某人分配工作、任务、作业等，例如：The teacher assigned a different task to each of the children．老师给每个儿童布置的作业都不相同。B．distribute通常指以整体或定量分为若干份来分配(如本题)，例如：They distributed political pamphlets in th
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