大学英语四级改革适用（段落翻译）模拟试卷446
翻译-汉译英
1. 西部大开发(western development campaign)是中国政府的一项政策，于2000年开始运作。目的是提高西部地区的经济和社会发展水平。西部大开发的范围是中国西部的12个省和自治区(autonomous region)。西部地区自然资源丰富，市场潜力大，战略位置重要。但由于自然、历史、社会等原因，西部地区经济发展相对东部落后。这一政策的实施可以使西部地区得到更快、更深、更广的发展，实现共同富裕(common prosperity)。
Western development campaign is a policy made by Chinese government and operated from 2000. Its goal is to improve the economic and social development level of the western areas. There are twelve provinces and autonomous regions covered in this campaign. The western areas have abundant natural resources with huge potential market and important strategic location. But because of natural, historical and social factors, the economic development in those areas lags behind that of the eastern areas. The implementation of the policy can bring a faster, deeper and broader development in the western areas, which will help realize common prosperity.
解析：1．第1句的主干为“……是……一项政策”。“中国政府的”可使用过去分词短语madeby．．．作定语，修饰“政策”；“于2000年开始运作”也可理解为“政策”的定语，同样使用过去分词短语作定语。
2．第2句的主干结构为“目的是提高……水平”，可用be to do的结构。
3．第3句可译为there be句型,理解为“西部大开发涵盖了12个省和自治区”，并用covered in this campaign修饰“省和自治区”。
4．第4句有三个并列的短句表明了西部地区的优势，可使用第一个短句作主干结构．后两个短句则用介词with引导的短语补充修饰。
5．第5句中的“相对……落后”可译为lag behind…此处的“东部”实际指的是“东部的经济发展”，因此behind之后要加that of，用that指代economic development，避免重复，简洁明了。
6．最后一句中的第1个短句可理解为句子的主干“……可以使……得到……发展”：第2个短句可使用which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰主句。
2. 故宫，也就是今天的中国故宫博物院(the National Palace Museum ofChina)，位于北京市中心，天安门以北，又称紫禁城，曾是明清两代皇宫。故宫始建于明永乐四年，历经十八年建成。紫禁城曾是中国五个多世纪以来的最高权力中心，它以园林景观(landscape)和容纳了家具及工艺品的9000个房间的庞大建筑群。成为明清时代中国文明无价的历史见证。紫禁城宫城周围环绕着高10米、长3400米的宫墙，南、东、西、北共有四个宫门。宫墙外有52米宽的护城河(moat)，独成体系。
Gu Gong, also the National Palace Museum of China today, is located in central Beijing. It is to the north of Tian’anmen and also known as the Forbidden City. It was the imperial palace for both the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The palace began to be built in the 4th year of Yongle period of Ming Dynasty and was completed after 18 years. The Forbidden City has been China’s center of power for more than five centuries. With its landscape and massive architecture that includes its furniture and crafts and over 9,000 rooms, it is historical evidence of the priceless civilization of Ming and Qing Dynasties of China. Around the Forbidden City, there is a 10 meters tall and 3400 meters long palace wall, which opens on its south, cast, west and north sides with four gates. Also surrounding the wall is a 52 meters wide moat that is an independent water system.
解析：
3. 近来，为进人海外大学读书而参加雅思(IELTS)考试的学生人数激增，雅思考试的组织者们也相应增加了考试的次数来满足需求。去年5月和7月间的雅思考试中，上海考生达到了10 000人，今年这个数字增加到了17 000左右，比去年同期增长了约70％。不断增长的就业竞争压力是许多大学毕业生选择到海外继续读书的主要原因。
Recently, an explosion in the number of students sitting the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) required for entry into overseas universities has forced organizers to increase the frequency of the exam. Last year, around 10 000 people took the exam in Shanghai between May and July. This year that figure has risen to around 17 000, increasing about 70% over the same period last year. Increased pressure from competition for jobs is the main reason why so many university graduates are looking to continue their studies abroad.
解析：1．第一句中，“为进入海外大学读书……激增”的主干为“人数激增”，主语是人数，而在英文翻译中我们将主语换成了explosion，更加突出反映了“激增”这一事实，这也是英文的一个特点，即将想要传达的最重要的信
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