大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷771
仔细阅读
Sleep and Dreams
A) \\
1.Sleeping pills, if used regularly for several weeks, can lead to addiction.
I
解析：由题干中的Sleeping pills和several weeks定位到I)段第二、三句。细节归纳题。由定位句可知。很多人在睡眠出现问题的时候会选择服用安眠药，但这种做法是危险的，因为连续服用几周后极易成瘾。题干是对定位句的归纳总结，故选I)。
2.Sleeping more on the weekend won’t make up for hours of sleep loss during the weekdays.
H
解析：由题干中的on the weekend定位到H)段倒数第二句。细节归纳题。由定位句可知，如果你连续三个晚上只睡5个小时，周末多睡9个小时并没有用。题干是对定位句的归纳概述，故选H)。
3.People often have nightmares when it is getting to daybreak.
D
解析：由题干中的nightmares定位到D)段最后一句。同义转述题。由定位句可知，黎明时分最易做噩梦。题干中的daybreak是对定位句中dawn的同义转述，故选D)。
4.One of the positive effects that dreams have on people is that they may help people digest what they’ve learned.
C
解析：由题干中的positive effects和what they’ve learned定位到C)段最后四句。同义转述题。由定位段倒数第二句可知，晚上睡得好又做梦的话能帮助人们记忆新学的技能。题干是对定位句的同义转述，故选C)。
5.You’d better stay relaxed when you have trouble sleeping.
J
解析：由题干中的have trouble sleeping定位到J)段第一、二句。细节归纳题。由定位句可知，难以入眠时，最好的办法就是放松。题干是对定位句的归纳总结，故选J)。
6.In the second stage of NREM, sleepers become more detached from the outside world and more difficult to be awakened.
B
解析：由题干中的the second stage of NREM 定位到B)段第七句。同义转述题。由定位句可知，在非快速眼动睡眠的第二个阶段中，入睡得很深，很难被噪音吵醒。题干中的be awakened是对定位句中wake you up的同义转述，故选B)。
7.Sleepwalking is more common in children than adults and generally decreases with age.
F
解析：由题干中的Sleepwalking定位到F)段第三、四句。同义转述题。由定位句可知，梦游在儿童中更加普遍。一般来说儿童长大后就不会再有这种现象了。题干中的decreases with age是对定位句中grow out of it的同义转述，故选F)。
8.Some researchers conducted experiments on people’s sleep about thirty years ago.
A
解析：由题干中的thirty years定位到A)段倒数第二、三句。 同义转述题。由定位句可知，大约30年前，医生和科学家开始在实验室里研究睡眠。题干是对定位句的同义转述，故选A)。
9.If left untreated, sleep apnea can not only result in other serious health problems but also can be life-threatening.
G
解析：由题干中的sleep apnea定位到G)段。细节归纳题。定位段介绍了睡眠呼吸暂停症会对健康造成很大的危害。题干是对定位段的概括归纳。故选G)。
10.The reason why people talk, walk, or grind their teeth in their sleep is still unknown.
F
解析：由题干中的why people talk、walk和grind their teeth定位到F)段最后一句。同义转述题。由定位句可知，研究人员尚不能解释人们睡着时呓语、梦游或磨牙的原因。题干是对定位句的同义转述，故选F)。
Family Sociology
A) The structure of the family and the needs that the family fulfills vary from society to society. The nuclear family—two adults and their children—is the main family unit in most Western societies. In others, especially in Asian societies, it is a subordinate part of an extended family unit, which also consists of grandparents and other relatives. A third type of a family unit, which is becoming more prevalent, is the single-parent family, in which children live with an unmarried, divorced, or widowed mother or father.
B) Anthropologists (人类学家) and social scientists have developed several theories about how family structures and functions evolved. One theory is that, in prehistoric hunting and gathering societies, two or three nuclear families, usually linked through bonds of kinship, banded together for part of the year but dispersed into separate nuclear units in those seasons when food was scarce. The family unit began primarily as an economic unit; men hunted, while women gathered and prepared food and tende
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