大学英语六级改革适用（段落翻译）模拟试卷620
翻译-汉译英
1.近年来，中国政府进一步加大体育馆建设投资，以更好地满足人们快速增长的健身需求。除了新建体育馆外，许多城市还采取了改造旧工厂和商业建筑等措施，来增加当地体育馆的数量。在政府资金的支持下，越来越多的体育馆向公众免费开放，或者只收取少量费用。许多体育馆通过应用现代信息技术大大提高了服务质量。人们可以方便地在线预订场地和付费。可以预见，随着运动设施的不断改善，愈来愈多的人将会去体育馆健身。
In recent years, the Chinese government has further increased its investment in gymnasium construction to better meet people’s rapidly growing demand for fitness. In addition to building new gyms, measures, such as transforming old factories and commercial buildings into gyms, have also been taken in many cities to increase the number of local gyms. Thanks to the government’s grant, more and more gyms are open to the public, free of charge, or for a small fee. Many gyms have greatly improved their service quality by applying modern information technology. People can conveniently book venues and pay for them online. It can be predicted that with the continuous improvement of sports facilities, more and more people will go to gyms to build up their bodies.
解析：1．通读段落，准确理解。通过通读段落，可以明确本段主要讲了体育馆的不断完善为人们提供了更好的服务，满足了人们快速增长的健身需求。
2．分析句子，拆分意群。翻译时可使用TT翻译法来分析句子，应先提主干，再调语序。第一句的主干为“……中国政府……加大……投资”，“以更好地满足人们快速增长的健身需求”可译作目的状语。翻译第二句时，将“许多城市还采取……措施”译为句子的主干，将“来增加当地体育馆的数量”译作目的状语；另外一种翻译方式是将“许多城市……增加当地体育馆的数量”译为句子的主干，将“采取了改造旧工厂和商业建筑等措施”译作方式状语，即“…many cities have increased the number of local gyms by taking．measures such as transforming old factories and commercial buildings into gyms．”。第四句的主干为“许多体育馆……提高了服务质量”，“通过应用现代信息技术”可译作方式状语。翻译最后一句时，既可以将“可以预见”译为修饰句子的副词Predictably，将“愈来愈多的人将会去体育馆健身”译为主干，也可以采用“It can be predicted that…”或“It is foreseeable that…”句型将“可以预见”译出；“随着……”可译为with引导的介词短语作伴随状语。
3．选词敲意，组合译文。分析了句子和意群后根据句子和意群分别确定其对应的英文，然后组合译文。第一句中，“加大……投资”可译为make more investment in…或increase the investment in…；“满足……需求”可用动词短语meet the demand for…表示；“快速增长的”可译为rapidly／fast growing。翻译第三句时，“在政府资金的支持下”可以像参考译文那样意译为“多亏了政府的资金支持”，即Thanks to the government’s grant；“向……免费开放”可译为be open to…for free／free of charge，第四句中的“通过应用现代信息技术”是状语，可以译为介词短语by／through applying modern information technology，第五句中，“预订场地”可译为book venues；“付费”可译为make payment或pay for them(them指代上文中的venues。最后一句中，“健身”可译为take exercise、build up one’s body、work out等。
4．检查译文，适当调整。注意中英文在表达方式上的差异，检查时态、语态、单复数、大小写、单词拼写、标点符号等内容，最终确定译文。
2.牌坊(memorial archway)不同于民居，也不同于祠庙。它是一种纪念性的独特的建筑物。牌坊就其建造意图来说，可分为三类：第一类为标志坊，第二类为功德坊，第三类为功名坊。在中国封建社会，牌坊是崇高荣誉的象征。树牌坊是彰德行、留芳名之举，是人们一生的最高追求。安徽省南部有着悠久的修建牌坊的历史，许多牌坊至今保存完好，与古民居、古祠堂鼎足齐名。
The memorial archway, different from either folk houses or temples, is a kind of unique memorial construction. The memorial archway can be classified into three types according to the purpose of construction, the symbolic archway, the archway of merits and virtues, and the archway of achievement. The memorial archway was a symbol of lofty honor in Chinese feudal society. As constructing the memorial archway was an act of promoting virtues and gaining immortal fame, it became the highest pursuit in people’s lives. With a time-honored custom of building up memorial archways, southern Anhui Province has many well-preserved memorial archways, which are equivalent to ancient folk houses and ancient temples in reputation.
解析：
3.能源是人类赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础。人类文明每跨出重要的一步都伴随着能源的革新和更替(substitution)。能源的开发利用(utilization)极大地推进了世界经济和人类社会的发展。目前，中国是世界上第二大能源生产国和消费国。能源供应的持续增长为中国经济增长和社会发展提供了重要的支撑。作为世界能源市场不可替代的组成部分，中国在维护全球能源安全方面正在发挥着越来越重要的作用。
Energy is an essential material basis
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