大学英语六级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷687
词汇理解
As it is, sleep is so undervalued that getting by on fewer hours has become a badge of honor. Plus, we live in a culture that【C1】________to the late-nighter, from 24-hour grocery stores to online shopping sites that never close. It\’s no surprise, then, that more than half of American adults don\’t get the 7 to 9 hours of shut-eye every night as【C2】________by sleep experts.
Whether or not we can catch up on sleep—on the weekend, say—is a hotly【C3】________topic among sleep researchers. The latest evidence suggests that while it isn\’t【C4】________, it might help. When Liu, the UCLA sleep researcher and professor of medicine, brought【C5】________sleep-restricted people into the lab for a weekend of sleep during which they logged about 10 hours per night, they showed【C6】________in the ability of insulin (胰岛素) to process blood sugar. That suggests that catch-up sleep may undo some but not all of the damage that sleep【C7】________causes, which is encouraging, given how many adults don\’t get the hours they need each night. Still, Liu isn\’t【C8】________to endorse the habit of sleeping less and making up for it later.
Sleeping pills, while helpful for some, are not【C9】________an effective remedy either. \\
1.【C1】
B
解析:动词辨析题。空格位于that引导的定语从句中,并且作该定语从句的谓语动词,又因为先行词是a culture,因此空格处应填入动词第三人称单数,且此动词还能与介词to连用构成固定搭配。综合考虑备选动词和上下文语义,此处应填入caters。cater to sb.为固定搭配,意为“迎合某人的需要”。
2.【C2】
M
解析:动词辨析题。空格位于as之后,by sleep experts之前,可填入动词的过去分词,此处表示“像被睡眠专家所……的一样”。根据文义并结合备选词debated、negotiated和recommended的词义可知,答案为recommended。此处意为“超过半数的美国成年人不能做到睡眠专家所建议的每晚睡7到9个小时”。
3.【C3】
D
解析:语义推断题。空格位于a hotly之后,名词topic之前,可填入形容词或者分词。综合上下文考虑,此处可选择debated。debated在此处为动词的过去分词形式,实际上是作形容词,表示被动。此处意为“睡眠研究者激烈争论的话题”。
4.【C4】
F
解析:语义推断题。空格位于主系表结构的句型中,并处于系动词的否定形式isn’t之后,因此应填入分词或形容词来说明we can catch up on sleep的性质。综合上下文考虑,备选形容词ideal和ready中,应选择ideal。此处意为“这虽然不理想,但也可能有所帮助”。
5.【C5】
C
解析:副词辨析题。空格位于动词brought之后,复合形容词sleep-restricted之前,且句子成分完整,故应填入副词,用来修饰该复合形容词。备选副词中,符合上下文语义的只有chronically“慢性地,长期地”。chronically sleep-restricted people指“长期睡眠不足的人”。
6.【C6】
G
解析:名词辨析题。空格位于及物动词showed之后,介词短语之前,因此应填入名词作句子的宾语。本段第二句指出,补觉也可能有所帮助。接下来的实验说明睡眠不足的人通过补觉,对胰岛素处理血糖的能力的影响,故应选择improvements。此处意为“这些人胰岛素处理血糖的能力显示出改善”。
7.【C7】
E
解析:语义推断题。空格位于that引导的定语从句中,空格前是名词sleep,后面是动词causes,故空格处可填入副词或填入sleep修饰的名词。由上下文语境可知,实验针对的是缺乏睡眠的人群,且定语从句的先行词是表消极意义的,故填入名词deprivation。
8.【C8】
L
解析:固定搭配题。空格位于isn’t之后,动词不定式to endorse之前,此处可填入形容词或分词。备选词中,ready符合句意。本句意为“但是,刘并不愿意认可这种少睡觉然后补觉的生活习惯”。
9.【C9】
H
解析:副词辨析题。空格位于are not之后,名词短语an effective remedy之前,又因为本句基本结构完整,由此判断需要填入副词。综合上下文及空格所处的位置考虑,此处应填入副词necessarily。not necessarily表示“不一定,未必”。
10.【C10】
O
解析:动词辨析题。空格所在分句缺少谓语,且位于will之后,故应填入动词原形。备选项中,只有pierce和target为动词原形。根据句意,应该选target,代入原文后,此处意为“一种安眠药针对的是大脑中的一个区域”,符合语义。
长篇阅读
First-Generation College-Goers: Unprepared and Behind
Kids who are the first in their families to brave the world of higher education come on campus with little academic know-how and are much more likely than their peers to drop out before graduation.
A) When Nijay Williams entered college last fall as a first-generatio
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