专业英语八级（阅读）模拟试卷419
选择题
Passage One
(1)Sometimes, medical science makes breakthroughs that almost no-one sees coming. Other times, it just seems to catch up with what ordinary people have known intuitively for generations. Though the latest finding from the University of New South Wales falls into the second category, that doesn\’t diminish its significance. Having pored over thousands of pages of data, researchers are now all but convinced that by exercising their brains people can substantially reduce their risk of dementia (痴呆).
(2)Scientists have conducted several hundred studies of the theory that brain reserve—the effect of formal education and mentally challenging work and leisure pursuits—may, through some mechanism not fully understood, protect people against dementia. Aware that the studies had tossed up contradictory results. University of N.S.W. neuroscientist Michael Valenzuela and colleague Perminder Sachdev last year conducted the first systematic review of research on brain reserve. Having integrated data from 22 studies of possible links between people\’s behavior and their subsequent brain health, the pair bring down their verdict in a paper about to be published in British journal Psychological Medicine. In short, they say, people with high brain reserve have almost half as much risk of developing dementia as those with low brain reserve. In one sense the brain appears to be no different from the muscles of the body, says Valenzuela: \\
1.According to the passage, the implication of the research conducted by Valenzuela and Sachdev is that ______.(A)
A. the more we use our brains, the less chances we get dementia
B. mental activity alters the central nervous system in different ways
C. people with large brain reserve are more likely to suffer dementia
D. brain reserve comes from education, challenging work and pastime
解析：根据第2段可知，Valenzuela和Sachdev在整合了22项研究后，得出“脑储量大的人患老年痴呆症的风险是脑储量小的人的一半”这一结论。他们还指出，在某种意义上，大脑和人体肌肉似乎没有什么不同．都是“越用越好用，不用就会退化”，故A与此相符。
2.Which of the following is NOT one of the symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease?(C)
A. Slow reaction.
B. Memory decline.
C. Collapse of mobility.
D. Individuality disorder.
解析：由第3段第3句可知，Alzheimer’s Disease的主要症状有：渐渐失去记忆，性格发生改变，最终失去所有的认知功能。A、B、D都是关于这些症状的描述，C“丧失行动能力”不属于认知方面的缺陷，故正确。
3.From the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?(C)
A. Aerobic exercise is an approach to protect people from dementia.
B. Dementia is still an incurable disease nowadays.
C. Elderly people get dementia because of little mental exercise.
D. Mental exercise would be beneficial to avoiding dementia.
解析：从最后一段的第2句可知C不符合事实，为答案。第3段第4句指出有氧运动可以防止痴呆症的发生，注意该句中的presume“推测”只是针对by后面的方式，因此A为事实；由第3段中的it typically kills within 5 to 10 years以及文章最后一句说到“对于神经生物学上的改变与疾病表征之间的根本联系尚未弄明白”可知，痴呆症目前不可治愈，B正确；D“大脑运动有利于预防痴呆”与首段末的结论相符。
Passage Two
(1)Government scientists listed formaldehyde (甲醛) as a Carcinogen, substance that produces cancer, and said it is found in worrisome quantities in glued board, particle board, and hair salons. They also said that styrene (苯乙烯), which is used in boats, bathtubs and in disposable foam plastic cups and plates, may cause cancer but is generally found in such low levels in consumer products that risks are low.
(2)Frequent and intens
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