笔译二级综合能力（词汇替换）模拟试卷12
同义词替换
1.There are two sorts of obscurity that you find in writers who have never taken the trouble to learn to write clearly. One is due to negligence, and the other to willfulness.(B)
A. unevenness
B. capriciousness
C. fogginess
D. illegibility
解析：句意：一些写作者总是懒得把文章写清楚，有两种模糊的情况，其一是因为不认真，其二是因为太任性。从willfulness的构成来看，will意志、决心，后缀-ful满是……的，后缀-ness表示名词词性，合在一起指满是个人意志的行为，或者简而言之指任性、任意。句中的two sorts…，one…，and the other…结构提示negligence和willfulness是并列的、含义相反的词。四个选项中，选项A．unevenness不均匀；选项B．capriciousness任性、善变；选项C．fogginess朦胧；选项D．illegibility模糊。选项B的含义和原题的含义相近。
2.Whereas labor produces miracles for the rich, for the worker it produces destitution.(B)
A. modesty
B. poverty
C. commodity
D. opportunity
解析：句意：劳动虽然为富人创造奇迹，却为_T人带来贫穷。句首的Whereas提示前半句和后半句之间是转折让步的关系，对应的有两对：the rich与the worker对应；miracles与destitution对应。选项A．modesty谦虚；选项B．poverty贫穷；选项C．commodity商品；选项D．opportunity机会。
3.Elon Musk’s journey from South African schoolboy to the world’s richest man, pushing the boundaries of space travel, has been one of the more extraordinary tales in the modern business world.(A)
A. exceptional
B. extraneous
C. extraterrestrial
D. excessive
解析：句意：埃隆.马斯克从南非的一名小学生成长为世界首富，突破了太空旅行的界限，他的成长历程已成为现代商界的一则传奇故事。从词的构成来看，前缀extra-表示超出，超过；ordinary普通的，平常的；extraordinary非凡的。选项A．exceptional超常的，与extraordinary含义最相近。选项B．extraneous外来的，没关联的；选项C．extraterrestrial外星的；选项D．excessive过度的。
4.The disease that once claimed millions of lives has now been eradicated.(B)
A. illuminated
B. eliminated
C. duplicated
D. fabricated
解析：句意：曾经夺走数百万人生命的疾病现在已被根除了。句中的eradicated指根除、消灭。几个选项中所设置的迷惑项，基本上是拼写接近，但含义却大不相同的词，只有选项B．eliminated消除，和原题的含义接近。
5.In most offices, the typewriter has now been supplanted by the computer.(D)
A. accompanied
B. acquired
C. removed
D. replaced
解析：这句话中的supplant只能依靠词根和词缀猜测一部分含义，sup-是sub-的变体，用于p开头的单词前面，其含义之一是substitute替代，plant种植，两者合起来就是替代的含义。回到句子中验证其含义：打字机已经被电脑替代，符合常识。四个选项中，选项D．replaced替换，含义最接近。
6.Indeed, if many investors abjure the listing, those who hold their noses and take the plunge might make even more money.(D)
A. announce
B. denounce
C. pronounce
D. renounce
解析：句意：如果很多投资者放弃上市，那些捏着鼻子跳进去的人(冒险投身其中的人)可能赚得更多。前半句和后半句之间有因果关系，因此可以推测abjure the listing和冒险投身人市的含义相反，是放弃上市的意思。选项A．announce宣布；选项B．denounce谴责、告发；选项C．pronounce发音；选项D．renounce宣布放弃。
7.Empirical evidence suggests that lower tax rates increase sole proprietors’ income, investment, and propensity to hire workers.(C)
A. budget
B. interest
C. tendency
D. profit
解析：句意：实验证据表明低税率会增加个体业主的收人和投资，以及雇用工人的倾向。根据词的构成，propense有倾向的，后缀-ty表示名词词性，propensity指倾向、偏爱。选项C．tendency倾向，含义最接近。
8.She reiterated her view that every child should have access to a decent education.(C)
A. rearranged
B. reflected
C. reaffirmed
D. retreated
解析：句意：她重申了自己的观点，即每个孩子都应该有机会接受良好的教育。从词的构成来看，前缀re-指再次的、重新的，词根-iterare指重复，合在一起就是再三重复、重申的意思。选项A．rearranged重新安排；选项B．reflected反射；选项C．reaffirmed再次确认、重申；选项D．retreated撤退、隐退。选项C最符合原句的含义。
9.IT managers are looking for technology that will allow them to collect, sort and distribute information from disparate sources and let users share and refine it.(D)
A. liable
B. dis
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