笔译三级实务（综合）模拟试卷18
英译汉
1.At least 3 of the 24 known extinctions of species listed under the Endangered Species Act were wholly or partially caused by hybridization between closely related exotic and native species.
《濒危物种法》列出的已确定灭绝的24个物种中，有至少3个物种的灭绝完全是或至少部分是由外来物种与关系紧密的本地物种的杂交导致的。
解析：
2.Given the diverse ownership of public lands and their varying uses, many state agencies manage exotic species, but they tend to act without coordinating efforts, without adequate funding, and most important, without considering entire ecosystems.
由于公共用地的所有权和用途不同，很多州属机构有对外来物种加以管理，但是他们之间都各自为政，彼此缺乏资金，最重要的是，他们的行动并没有考虑整个生态系统。
解析：
3.The standard benefit-cost methodology that is used to calculate marginal costs of environmental regulations should not be used for long-lasting greenhouse gases.
标准成本效益法用于计算环境法规的边际成本，不该用于计算长期存在的温室气体。
解析：
4.We do not believe these numbers are meaningful, even as they have given agencies values they can plug into their benefit-cost analyses.
我们认为这些数字并没有重要价值，尽管这些数字为各个机构的成本效益分析提供了数值。
解析：
5.He argued that improving the efficiency of steam engines wouldn’t result in less coal use, but rather would reduce the cost of using coal to operate steam engines, resulting, ultimately, in higher use.
他认为提高蒸汽机的效率并不会导致用煤量减少，相反，蒸汽机效率的提升会降低蒸汽机工作的耗煤成本，最终导致用煤量增加。
解析：
6.The debate mostly obviously shows how our beliefs about how the world ought to work influence our willingness to accept some scientific findings and our inclination to reject or ignore others.
显而易见，这一争论说明我们对世界该如何运转的理念影响了我们接受某些科学发现的意愿，也影响了我们拒绝或忽略其他发现的倾向。
解析：
7.It is encouraging that governments around the world are adopting policies that encourage clean energy production and large corporations are converting to low-carbon-emission energy supplies.
令人鼓舞的是，世界各国政府都在采纳推行鼓励清洁能源生产的政策，大型企业都在转型利用低碳排放的能源供给。
解析：
8.The physical problem underlying climate change is very simple: dumping carbon dioxide and other greenhouses gases into the air raises their concentrations in the atmosphere and causes gradual warming. In the several decades since climate change has been an important international political issue, the necessary solution to this simple problem has been viewed as equally simple: the world must radically reduce its emissions of carbon-carrying gases.
Waste management was introduced for other effluents because uncontrolled dumping caused serious and irreparable harm. For example, the introduction of sewer systems in European cities in the nineteenth century was driven by the recognition that cholera and typhoid were caused by water contamination. Introducing sewer systems had to overcome arguments that they were too expensive and that the causal relationship between waste and disease was not fully understood. As cause and effect became clear, sewer systems were built.
The focus on reducing emissions to address climate change has typically included with it a moral judgment against those who emit. Such a moral stance makes virtually everyone a sinner, and makes hypocrites out of many who are concerned about climate change but still partake in the benefits of modernity. A waste management perspective makes it unnecessary to demonize or outlaw activities that create waste streams. From a waste management perspective
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