成人本科学位英语历年真题试卷汇编12
阅读理解
It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints(约束) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don\’t at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth\’s story:
I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle (小隔间) offices and window offices. I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles, several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way.
It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but \\
1.According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should________.(D)
A. demonstrate his capability
B. give his boss a good impression
C. ask for as much money as he can
D. ask for the salary he hopes to get
解析：推理题。根据文章第一段第一句“It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside，the organizational constraints influence wage increases．”可知，在进入公司以前就谈妥你的最初工资要求要更容易些。因此，在接受一份工作前应该先提出期望薪金要求，故选D。
2.What can be inferred from Beth’s story?(B)
A. Prejudice against women still exists in some organizations.
B. If people want what they deserve, they have to ask for it.
C. People should not be content with what they have got.
D. People should be careful when negotiating for a job.
解析：推理题。根据文章第二段第一句“I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it．”可知，Beth的故事是为了证明第一段提出的观点。第三段最后一句“If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay，you’ll probably have to ask for it．”再次印证，关键词是ask for，故选B。
3.We can learn from the passage that________.(A)
A. unfairness exists in salary increases
B. most people are overworked and underpaid
C. one should avoid overstating one’s performance
D. most organizations give their staff automatic pay raises
解析：推理题。根据文章第三段第一句“It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but ‘nice’ isn’t a quality attributed to most organizations．”可知，从Beth的故事中不难总结出：如果你要求加薪或提升，你可能就会得到满足；你如果不要求，老板就可能不予考虑。因此在salary increase中含有很大的主观因素，所以不公平，故选A。
4.To get a pay raise, a person should ________.(D)
A. advertise himself on the job market
B. persuade his boss to sign a long-term contract
C. try to get inside information about the organization
D. do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions
解析：细节题。根据文章倒数第三段的内容可知，performance“工作表现”，timing“抓住时机”和information“利用信息”是加薪的三大筹码，选项D与其中对timing的阐述一致，故选D。
5.To be successful in negotiations, one must________.(C)
A. meet his boss at the appropriate time
B. arrive at the negotiation table punctually
C. be good at influencing the outcome of the interaction
D. be familiar with what the boss likes and dislikes
解析：细节题。根据文章最后一段“Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time a
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