大学英语四级改革适用（段落翻译）模拟试卷562
翻译-汉译英
1. 刺绣(embroidery)是中国民间传统手工艺之一，有着悠久的历史。刺绣的历史可以追溯到商朝，而汉朝则见证了刺绣在风格和技术上的一大飞跃。日月星辰、花鸟鱼虫等很多事物都可以成为刺绣的内容。在古代，刺绣只由特权(privileged)阶层独享，象征其较高的社会地位。随着社会的发展，刺绣逐渐进入普通百姓的生活。如今，刺绣已走出国门，成为中国人民与世界各国人民友好往来的桥梁。
Embroidery, one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts, has a long history. The history of embroidery can be traced back to the Shang Dynasty, while the Han Dynasty witnessed a leap in its styles and techniques. A lot of things, such as the sun, the moon, the stars, flowers, birds, fish and insects, can become the content of embroidery. In ancient times, embroidery could be enjoyed only by the privileged class and it symbolized their high social status. With the development of the society, it enters the life of ordinary people. Nowadays it has stepped out of China and become a bridge of friendly exchanges between the Chinese and foreigners.
解析：
2. 20世纪70年代开始。美国、英国、德国等发达国家开始进行无人驾驶汽车的研究，可行性和实用化方面都取得了突破性的进展。但无人驾驶汽车的发展仍然处于萌芽状态。迄今为止，谷歌在2012年推出的自动驾驶汽车发生了14次轻微事故。如果得到完善，无人驾驶汽车可以为每个人提供更安全的道路条件，降低保险成本并增强老年人、病人和残疾人的流动性(mobility)。
From the 1970s, developed countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany began to conduct research on driverless cars, making breakthroughs in both feasibility and practicality. But it is still in its infancy. So far, Google’s self-driving car, launched in 2012, has had 14 minor accidents. If perfected, driverless cars can provide safer road conditions for everyone, reduce insurance costs and increase mobility for the elderly, patients and people with disabilities.
解析：
3. 太原是华北地区重要的历史城市。它坐落于山西省的中部，四周环山，气候温和。太原矿藏和农产品丰富，景色优美。由于历史悠久，名胜古迹遍布太原。金纪念塔(Jin Memorial Temple)是为了纪念金国第一个皇帝而建的，因其辉煌的宋代建筑和华美的花园而闻名于世。在太原，游客们可以品尝当地的面条以及美味的山西醋。
Taiyuan is an important historic city in North China. It is situated in the center of Shanxi Province and surrounded by mountains. The climate in Taiyuan is temperate. It is rich in minerals and agricultural products as well as beautiful scenery. Because of its long history, there are places of interest all over Taiyuan. The Jin Memorial Temple was built in commemoration of the first king of the Kingdom of Jin. It is famous for the magnificent architecture of the Song Dynasty and its beautiful gardens. In Taiyuan, tourists can taste the local noodles and the delicious Shanxi vinegar.
解析：
4. 中国历史上洪灾频繁，而且造成的危害十分严重，季风气候是主要原因。自公元前206年至公元1949年，有记载的大水就有1 092次，平均每两年就发生一次大灾。20世纪令人记忆犹新的大洪水就有4次。1931年长江发大水。夺去了42万人的生命。与之类似的洪灾还发生在1954年、1991年和1998年。这三次洪水淹没了大片的农田，冲走了无数的财富，不过，生命损失相对减少了一些。
Chinese history witnessed frequent floods which led to severe consequences and were mainly caused by the monsoon climate. From 206 B. C. to 1949 A. D. , a total of 1 092 floods were recorded, that is to say, one serious flood happened every two years on average. In the 20th century, there were four floods that remain fresh in our memory. In 1931, the flood in the Yangtze River took away the lives of 420 000 people. Similar floods occurred in 1954, 1991 and 1998. The three floods submerged large farmland and washed away countless wealth, just with comparatively fewer casualties.
解析：
5. 17世纪，发源于黑龙江地区的满族人统一中国，建立了清朝。清朝在建立之初遭到汉族人的激烈抵抗。1668年，清朝政府将整个东北地区封禁起来。把这个所谓的“龙兴之地”当作他们一旦失败之后的退路。1840年鸦片战争后，俄国人从北方入侵，边疆危机严重，清政府不得不放宽对东北的封禁政策。于是，大批的移民从山东、河北涌入黑龙江地区。这段移民史被称
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