专业英语四级（语法与词汇）模拟试卷657
语言知识
1.If there were no subjunctive mood, English________much easier to learn.(B)
A. could have been
B. would be
C. will be
D. would have been
解析：考查虚拟语气。本题表示与现在事实相反的假设。表示与现在事实相反，条件从句用一般过去时，主句使用should(would)动词原形。A could have been是对过去事实的假设，与从句所表示的现在事实不吻合；C项will不可以用于虚拟语气中；D是与过去事实相反的假设的虚拟语气主句形式。此三项均与题意不符。本题选B。
2.Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone________an opportunity to hear the speech.(D)
A. ought to have
B. must have
C. may have
D. should have
解析：考查so that，与情态动词的搭配用法。so that既可以引导结果状语，也可以引导目的状语，本句中引导的是目的状语从句。引导目的状语从句时，日常口语中可以使用“so that+主语+will／would／can／could”。正式场合中使用“so that+主语+may／might／shall／should”。因为句子用过去时，只有D项should have符合题意。
3.My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man________he was fifteen years ago.(D)
A. which
B. whom
C. who
D. that
解析：考查定语从句。由于先行词是the man，可先排除A项which。分析句子结构，关系代词在从句中作表语，这时只能用that引导定语从句，故选D，同时排除B和C。
4.The company has capitalized________the error of judgment made by its business competitor.(D)
A. in
B. over
C. with
D. on
解析：考查固定搭配。capitalize on“利用(别人的错误获利)”，介词on后往往接error，mistake一类的词，如：She capitalized on her opponent’s mistake and won the game．(她利用对手的失误赢得了比赛。)因此选D。
5.During the summer vacation, kids are often seen hanging________in the streets.(A)
A. about
B. on
C. over
D. out
解析：动词短语辨析。hang on是“抓紧，不挂断”的意思。hang over有“笼罩，悬挂”的意思，两者都不符合句子意思。hang out和hang about都有“闲逛”的意思；hang about指没有目的地“闲逛”，hang out指在某一地方待较长的一段时间或与某人在一起“厮混”。A选项更合适。
6.She intends to move that the committee________discussion on this issue.(B)
A. suspends
B. suspend
C. suspended
D. will suspend
解析：考查虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法。当由表示建议、命令、要求(如suggest，propose，recommend，demand，request，urge等)的动词及它们的派生词引出有关宾语从句、同位语从句时，其从句均需使用虚拟式谓语动词，即“(should+)原形动词”。move“提议”，也属于这一类词，因此答案为B。
7.The car pulled up too fast and________on the dusty shoulder of the road.(D)
A. skated
B. slid
C. slipped
D. skidded
解析：考查近义动词词义辨析。这几个词都有“滑动”之义。skid指“车轮打滑，失控滑向一侧”，符合题意。skate指“滑冰，溜冰”。slide指“(使在平面上)滑动”；slip指“(意想不到地快速)滑出一小段距离，溜；滑倒”。
8.The President has made it clear that he is not going to change his mind. The italicized part functions as a(n) ________in the sentence.(B)
A. subject
B. object
C. adverbial
D. complement
解析：考查句子成分。本题的it在句中作made的形式宾语，而真正的宾语为that从句，因此选B。
9.I________the plumber as I learnt later that John had already phoned him.(B)
A. needn’t phone
B. needn’t have phoned
C. shouldn’t phone
D. shouldn’t have phoned
解析：考查情态动词的用法。“needn’t have+过去分词”表示“本不必做……”，言下之意是做了不必做的事，并表示过去时间，完全符合句意。A、C都表现在时间；D表示“本不该……”，表示懊悔做了不该做的事，放在句中，句意显然不合适。
10.A dentist may decide to________the tooth to prevent the recurrent trouble.(B)
A. eradicate
B. extract
C. exceed
D. extricate
解析：考查形近异义动词辨析。extract意为“(费力地)拔出；抽出；提取”，在此题中指“拔牙”。eradicate意为“根除，消灭”；exceed意为“超过，超出”；extricate意为“救出，使脱离，使摆脱”，均不符合题意。
11.Which of the following is INCORRECT?(B)
A. My child doesn’t like this book. Show her a more interesting one.
B. The old equipment works just as well as the new one.
C. I like this coat better than the one you showed me before.
D. They sent us a lot of small
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