成人本科学位英语模拟试卷140
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It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the bases for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.
Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It includes not only \\
1.According to the passage, memory is considered to be________.(B)
A. the basis for decision making and problem solving
B. an ability to store experiences for future use
C. an intelligence typically possessed by human beings
D. the data mainly consisting of words and combinations of words
解析：根据文章第二段第一句“Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use．”可知，记忆力就是储存信息以供将来使用的能力，故选B。ACD三项都是记忆力的各个特点，不能单独解释记忆力。
2.The comparison made between the memory capacity of a large computer and that of a human being shows that________.(C)
A. the computer’s memory has a little bigger capacity than a teenager’s
B. the computer’s memory capacity is much smaller that an adult human being’s
C. the computer’s memory capacity is much smaller even than a teenager’s
D. both A and B
解析：根据文章的第三段提到的“The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100, 000 \\
3.The whole passage implies that________.(C)
A. only human beings have problem-solving intelligence
B. a person’s memory is different from a computer’s in every respect
C. animals are able to solve only very simple problems
D. animals solve problems by instincts rather than intelligence
解析：从文章第二段小老鼠的例子可知，动物也有记忆，也有一定解决问题的智力，故选C。根据文章最后一段第一句提到的“advanced intelligence高级智力”可知动物也有智力，只是相比人类智力低而已，所以选项A“只有人类才有解决问题的智力”是不准确的。选项D“动物解决问题靠本能而不靠智力”也是错误的。根据文章的第三段，计算机在存储“词汇”方面和一个十几岁的少年是一样的，所以选项B“计算机存储和人脑记忆在各方面都不一样”错误。故选C。
4.The phrase \\(B)
A. in connection with
B. expressed by
C. consisting
D. by means of
解析：根据最后一段最后一句“A large part of a person’s memory is in terms of words and combinations of words．”可知，一个人的大部分记忆都是靠词和词组表达出来的，通过主语“一个人的大部分记忆”和“词或词组”之间的关系来判断，in terms of意为“根据，按照，就……而言”，故选B。
5.The topic of the passage is________.(B)
A. What would life be like without memory?
B. Memory is of vital importance to life.
C. How is a person’s memory different from an animal’s or a computer’s?
D. What is contained in memory?
解析：文章第一段内容是讲记忆的重要作用；第二段解释了记忆是什么及其表现；第三段讲人类将记忆功能运用到机器如计算机中，并将人的记忆与计算机记忆进行比较；第四段讲人的大部分记忆是通过词汇表现的。只有选项B“记忆对生命至关重要”符合文章的主题，其他三个选项都只是文章涉及的一个方面，都不具有概括性，故选B。
From the goose that laid the golden egg to the race between the tortoise and the hare, Aesop\’s fables are known for teaching moral lessons rather than literally being true. But a new study says at least one such tale might really have happened.
It\’s the fable about a thirsty crow (乌鸦). The bird comes across a jar with the water level too low for him to reach. The crow raises the water level by dropping stones into the jar. The moral tells: Little by little does the trick, or in other retellings, necessity is the mother of invention.
Now, scientists report that some relatives of crows called rooks used the same stone-dropping strategy to get at a floating worm. Results of experiments with three birds
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