大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷895
仔细阅读
Not all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery of echolocation (回声定位) in bats to see a case in which the voice plays a strictly practical role.
To get a full appreciation of what this means we must turn first to some recent human inventions. Everyone knows that if he shouts near a wall or a mountainside, an echo will come back. The further off this solid obstacle, the longer time it will take for the return of the echo. A sound made by tapping on the main body of a ship will be reflected from the sea bottom, and by measuring the time interval between the taps and the receipt of the echoes the depth of the sea at that point can be calculated. So was born the echo-sounding equipment, now in general use in ships. Every solid object will reflect a sound, varying according to the size and nature of the object. A shoal of fish will do this. So it is a comparatively simple step from locating the sea bottom to locating a shoal of fish. With experience, and with improved equipment, it is now possible not only to locate fish but to tell if it is herring, cod, or other well-known fish, by the pattern of its echo.
A few years ago it was found that certain bats emit squeaks (吱吱声) and by receiving the echoes they could locate and steer clear of obstacles—or locate flying insects on which they feed. This echolocation in bats is often compared with radar, the principle of which is similar.
1.The main purpose of this passage is to ______.(B)
A. describe that animals can make different sounds
B. prove that animals’ voices can play practical roles
C. inspire the readers to make more inventions
D. startle the readers with some shocking facts
解析：主旨大意题。文章第1段就点明主题，明确指出以蝙蝠为例，动物发出的声音有实际作用，只有选项B可以概括文章的这个写作目的。
2.The discovery of echolocation may help with all of the following EXCEPT ______.(C)
A. measuring the depth of the sea
B. distinguishing different kinds of fish
C. improving the functions of radar
D. varying the size and nature of an object
解析：事实细节题。本题考查列举处，可用排除法解答。选项A，B，D在第2段中都有相关提及。只有选项C在文中并未提到。
3.By saying \\(C)
A. only one special kind of fish can reflect sounds
B. only one special kind of fish can be used to help locate a ship
C. a large group of fish can reflect sounds
D. a large group of fish can be used to help locate a ship
解析：词义推断题。本题考查shoal的词义推测及代词this的理解。依据第2段结尾几句话，可推测出a shoal of fish指的是“海里的一群鱼”；this则是指上一句提到的固体可以反射声音的这种功能，因此这句话表明一大群鱼就能像一个固体物件一样反射声音。
4.As it is discussed in the passage, the squeaks of bats can be functionally compared with ______.(D)
A. human languages
B. a mountainside
C. a shoal of fish
D. taps on a ship
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，蝙蝠发出吱吱声可以探测障碍物的距离，而第2段也指出轻敲船体可测知海底的距离，因此在功能上，选项D与蝙蝠的吱吱声相同。选项A中的human languages在文中尚未提到。选项B和C在文中各自的例子中充当的都是障碍物的角色，因此都不正确。
5.Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?(D)
A. Animals are more intelligent than humans.
B. Humans are more intelligent than animals.
C. Animals are often compared with human inventions.
D. Humans are often inspired by animals.
解析：推理判断题。文章先说动物的回音定位功能，再说到回声定位探测仪的发明，由此可见，是动物的某些能力启发了人类的创造，因此只有选项D可从文中推测。文章并没有从智力方面比较人类和动物，因此可以排除选项A和 B；而文章也没有比较动物和人类发明之间的异同，因此可排除选项C。
Real policemen
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