自考英语（二）模拟试卷71
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Why Is the Native Language Learnt So Well
How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find this interesting fact. A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most cases, may end up with a faulty and inexact command. What accounts for this difference?
Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behaviour of the people around him. In the first place, the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favourable of all, namely, the first years of life. A child hears it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its genuine (纯正的) form, with the right pronunciation, right intonation, and right use of words and right structure. He drinks in all die words and expressions which come to him in a fresh, ever bubbling spring. There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation (同化).
Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round, while an adult language student has each week a limited number of hours which he generally shares with others. The child has another advantage; he hears the language in all possible situations, always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is nothing unnatural, as is often found in language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching (炎热的) heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled.
Finally, though a child’s \\
1.Compared with adults learning a foreign language, children learn their native language with ease.(A)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：题干中“with ease”表示“轻而易举地”，第一段内容可以看出与成年人学语言相比，儿童学习语言更轻松、掌握得更好。
2.Adults’ knowledge and mental powers hinder (妨碍) their complete mastery of a foreign language.(C)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：原文提到成年人有成熟的心智(fully developed mental powers)，但仍然学不好外语。但并没有说经验和心智妨碍了他们对语言的掌握。
3.The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.(B)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：注意题干中“solely”一词，说明仅仅是因为学习环境。根据原文第二段第一句话。作者认为原因部分在于孩子自身，部分在于周围人的行为，故不完全是因为学习环境。
4.Plenty of practice in listening during the first years of life partly ensures children’s success of learning their mother tongue.(A)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：从原文第二段第二句话开始，作者讲到儿童生命中的前几年是学习母语最有利的时期(the most favorable of all)，他们每天从早到晚不断地听到纯正的语言，这是一种完美的吸收同化的过程(there is perfect assimilation)。
5.A child learning his native language has the advantage of having private lessons all the year round.(D)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：注意原文第三段第一句话“Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round”，其中“as it were”意思是“好像、仿佛”。因此该句只是一个比喻，并不是说儿童上了私人课程。
6.Gestures and facial expressions may assist a child in mastering his native language.(A)
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
解析：原文第三段第二句话强调了儿童听到的语言总是伴随着正确的手势和表情(always accompanied by the right ki
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