医学博士外语（阅读理解）模拟试卷3
阅读理解
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine estimated that there are an average of 30 in-flight medical emergencies on U.S. flights every day. Most of them are not grave; fainting, dizziness and hyper ventilation are the most frequent complaints. But 13% of them—roughly four a day—are serious enough to require a pilot to change course. The most common of the serious emergencies include heart trouble (46%), strokes and other neurological problems (18%), and difficult breathing (6%).
Let\’s face it: plane riders are stressful. For starters, cabin pressures at high altitudes are set at roughly what they would be if you lived at 5,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level. Most people can tolerate these pressures pretty easily, but passengers with heart disease may experience chest pains as a result of the reduced amount of oxygen flowing through their blood. Low pressure can also cause the air in body cavities to expand—as much as 30%. Again, most people won\’t notice anything beyond mild stomach cramping. But if you\’ve recently had an operation, your wound could open. And if a medical device has been implanted in your body—a splint, a tracheotomy tube or a catheter—it could expand and cause injury.
Another common in-flight problem is venous thrombosis—the so-called economy-class syndrome. When you sit too long in a cramped position, the blood in our legs tends to clot. Most people just get sore calves. But blood clots, left untreated, could travel to the lungs, causing breathing difficulties and even death. Such clots are readily prevented by keeping blood flowing; walk and stretch your legs when possible.
Whatever you do, don\’t panic. Things are looking up on the in-flight-emergency front. Doctors who come to passengers\’ aid used to worry about getting sued; their fears have lifted somewhat since the 1998 Aviation Medical Assistance Act gave them \\
1.Heart disease takes up about________of the in-flight medical emergencies on US flights.(D)
A. 13%
B. 46%
C. 18%
D. 6%
解析：根据各选项中的百分比数值，可以定位到文章第一段，根据第一段最后一句，心脏病占飞行中医疗重症的46％；而根据倒数第二句，重症在美国所有飞行中的医疗急症中占13％。结合这两句可知，13％×46％，即心脏病在所有急症中应占约6％，因此D项为本题答案。
2.According to Paragraph 2, the expansion of air in body cavities can result in________.(C)
A. heart attack
B. chest pain
C. stomach cramping
D. difficult breathing
解析：第二段第四句提到“体腔内空气膨胀”，对应题干，可知答案在此。接下来的三句分别列出了这种现象可能导致的三种病症，其中C项(stomach cramping)在第五句中提到，为本题答案。A项引起的原因没有提到；根据第二段第三句，B项是由血液中含氧量低导致的；D项在第三段提及，由血栓引起。
3.We can learn from Paragraph 3 that deep venous thrombosis usually happens because________.(A)
A. the economy class is not spacious enough
B. there are too many economy-class passengers
C. passengers are not allowed to walk during the flight
D. the low pressure in the cabin prevents blood flowing smoothly
解析：第三段最后一句建议乘客有机会就多运动或伸展腿部，由此可以推断该段第二句中的cramped表明经济舱空间狭窄，因此A项为本题答案。B项虽然为客观情况，但无法从原文推断得出，故可排除；第三段最后一句表明乘客可以离开座位走动，C项与此矛盾；D项与题干提到的病症没有直接联系。
4.According to 1998 Aviation Medical Assistance Act, doctors who came to passengers’ aid________.(B)
A. do not have to be worried even if they give the patients improper treatment
B. will not be submitted to legal responsibility even if the patients didn’t recover
C. are assisted by advanced emergency
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