专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷105
阅读理解
Oceanography has been defined as \\
1.The passage implies that the telegraph cable was built mainly______.(C)
A. for oceanographic studies
B. for military purposes
C. for business considerations
D. for investigating the depths of the oceans
解析：文章第三段第二句中提到“The first time that the question ‘What is at the bottom of the oceans?’ had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed．”其中“had to be answered with any commercial consequence”即是选项中的“for business considerations”，故选C。
2.It was ______that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies.(D)
A. the American Navy
B. some early intercontinental travelers
C. those who earned a living from the sea
D. the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable
解析：文章第四段第一句说到“It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned，in 1853，for information on this matter．”其中“turn to Maury”即是选项中的“asked Maury for help”，而寻求帮助的对象是the Atlantic company，也同D项表述相近，故选D。此题的关键是读懂原文中的强调句型。
3.The aim of voyages Maury encouraged in the 1840s was______.(D)
A. to make some sound experiments in the oceans
B. to collect samples of sea plants and animals
C. to estimate the length of cable that was to be made
D. to measure the depths of two oceans
解析：文章第四段第二句说到“In the 1840s，Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings(探测)were taken to investigate the depths of the Noah Atlantic and Pacific Oceans．”其中“investigate\\
4.\\(C)
A. doubted
B. gave proof to
C. challenged
D. agreed to
解析：解决这类题的关键在于根据“defied”前后句的意思来进行推测，前句中有“it was found to be covered in living growths”，而后句中“there was no life in the deeper，parts of the sea”，由前后句的对比可知，只有选项C符合此意。
5.The passage is mainly about______.(A)
A. the beginnings of oceanography
B. the laying of the first undersea cable
C. the investigation of ocean depths
D. the early intercontinental communication
解析：通读全文可看出，文章中心与主题在首段首句。因此选A。其他三项均是细节，不能用细节作为主旨大意题的答案。
President Coolidge s statement, The business of America is business, still points to an important truth today—that business institutions have more prestige (威望) in American society than any other kind of organization, including the government. Why do business institutions possess this great prestige?
One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions in society. Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by most Americans, competitive business institutions are respected. Competition is not only good in itself, it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and hard work is protected.
Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly (垄断) of power. In contrast to one, all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits. Theoretically, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to competing business which treats its customers more fairly. Where many businesses compete for the customers\’ dollar, they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors
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