考研英语二(完形填空)模拟试卷138
完形填空
A study published recently in the journal Science suggests that firstborns do turn out sharper than their brothers and sisters, no matter【C1】________parents try to compensate. Is Arthur【C2】________to be the smart sibling (兄弟姐妹) just because he had the good luck to be born first?
For decades, scientists have been【C3】________over birth order【C4】________siblings fighting over a toy. Some of them say being a first-, middle- or lastborn has【C5】________effects on intelligence. Others say that\’s nonsense. The conflict goes back at least as far as Alfred Adler, a Freud-era psychologist who【C6】________that firstborns had an edge. Other psychologists found his theory easy to believe— middle and youngest kids already had a bad rap,【C7】________everything from primogeniture laws (长子继承法) to the Prodigal Son. When they【C8】________to confirm the birth-order effects Adler had predicted, they found some evidence. Dozens of studies【C9】________the next several decades showed small differences in IQ; scholastic-aptitude【C10】________and other measures of achievement. So did \\
1.【C1】(A)
A. how
B. what
C. when
D. where
解析:该题考查从句的关系词。空缺中填入的关系词需要与之前的no matter形成搭配,no matter how表示“无论如何”,体现方式;no matter what意为“不管什么,无论什么”,what作宾语;no matter when意为“无论何时”;no matter where意为“无论何地”。其中只有“无论父母怎样设法弥补,第一个出生的孩子总会比他的弟弟妹妹们要聪明一些”表意顺畅,此处的how用于体现compensate的方式,因此选项A正确。
2.【C2】(C)
A. taught
B. determined
C. destined
D. thought
解析:该题考查动词辨析及上下文语意。根据文章一开始主旨句所表达的“第一个出生的孩子总会比他的弟弟妹妹们要聪明一些”,以及后文因果关系对照(just because he had the good luck to be born first),可知此处应该和上句的do turn out sharper表意一致,do体现论述的确定性,因此该处应选be destined to来表达“注定”的意思。be determined to表示“下决定”,体现主观因素,可排除。
3.【C3】(D)
A. joking
B. searching
C. compromising
D. quarrelling
解析:该题考查动词辨析及上下文语意。该空缺位于段落首句,可通过总分对照解题。根据后边段落细节可知“科学家们对此意见不一致(Some of them say being a first-, middle- or lastborn has…effects on intelligence. Others say that’s nonsense)”,因此本题应选择quarrelling。
4.【C4】(D)
A. with
B. as
C. for
D. like
解析:该题考查介词辨析。根据空缺前的内容“科学家们一直在出生次序问题上争吵不休”,空缺后表示“兄弟姐妹们争抢玩具”,“争吵”和“抢夺”的语意方向一致,所以此处应体现两者的相似性,排除选项A和c。as在表示“正如”时,强调同一关系,两者实为一体;like强调相似关系,但并不等同,因此正确答案为选项D。
5.【C5】(C)
A. magnificent
B. proficient
C. significant
D. distinguished
解析:该题考查形容词辨析及上下文语意。根据主旨可看出本文的讨论主题是出生顺序是否对智力有重要影响,本处所选形容词应修饰名词effects,只有significant既可以表示“重要的”之意,又可修饰effects,因此选项C正确。magnificent往往用来形容建筑物的大和美,其他两项都不用于修饰“影响”。
6.【C6】(B)
A. agreed
B. argued
C. added
D. denied
解析:该题考查动词辨析及上下文语意。此处通过需要填入的动词考查阿尔弗莱德.阿德勒的观点,根据后文的具体内容可知,其他心理学家认为他的理论“容易使人相信(easy to believe)”,并且在破折号后的例子中说明弟弟妹妹们的“名声不好(had a bad rap)”,因此推断阿尔弗莱德.阿德勒的观点应该就是空缺后的firstborns had an edge(头胎有优势)。四个选项中,denied的语意逻辑与此相反,agreed和added意味着阿尔弗莱德.阿德勒并不是第一个如此表述的人,而原文明确提到“这种争论至少可以追溯到阿尔弗莱德.阿德勒”,说明他是第
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